Single or multiple key lock



Jan. 3, 1950 M. E. JULLIARD SINGLE OR MULTIPLE KEY LOCK 2 Sheets-Sheet 1Filed March 5, 1946 Jan. 3, 1951) JULLJARD 2,493,630

SINGLE OR MULTIPLE KEY LOCK Filed March 5, 1946 2 Sheet-Sheet 2F'atented Jan. 3, 195

omreo PATENT orer 21,493,630 on MULTIPLE KEY LOCK .Appfication Mon-a915,1946,1Semiall blo. 1652, 053 France-November 23, 1943 :Section LluhlicLaw 690, August 8, 19.46 Batent expires November 23,1963

(o1. co -cs9) 1 Books are known in which tumblers each pro vided with -aweb or protecting part are slidable in channels "formed in a barrelrotatably mounted and extending on either side of a stationary wardprovided with slots or cut-out which I said webs are engaged by:sprin'gs when the lock is in closed position, said webs being providedslots or recesses which may bebronglr'tjby means of "keys provided "with'pins of different lengths, into coincidence "with said ward so as toallowthe barrel't'o rotate freely.

According to the present invention, a twofold safety can be attained bythe combination of two combination devices similar to the one justdefined, one or which controls the possibility of operation of'tlreother.

"The invention will be understood :more easily by reference to theappended drawings in which two different embodiments of the inventionare shown'by'way'of example,'viz:

Figure 1 is 'a perspective view of a single-combination 3-tumbler lock;

Figures .2 and '3 are two diagrammatical "illustrations 'of theprinciple of the invention, as applied to a Z2-"tumb'ler look, beforeand after .un-

locking respectively;

Figures .4 and 5 are two perspective views -.of a double-combinationlock in the two successive steps oiits operation;

Figure '6 shows the arrangement of the webguiding channels and slots;

Figures #7 and '8 .are two diagrammatical illustrations of the twosuccessive steps of operation.

Figure -9 showsanother:modification in sectional view as shown in Fig.1, the key a is formed in known manner withad'jacfllitnligned pins bl,b2, b3, individually adjustable in their heights and which, when stuckinto the'bores c1,,c2,.cs, in'the pair of barrels d1, 012, will act uponplungers or tumblers .ei, ea, 63, slidably received in said bores andurged bytheir respective return springs f1, f2, f3.

Secured between the barrels d1, d2 is a ward plate h which extendssidewardly to socket IL for carrying the barrel di and which has acentral aperture m through which extend connecting screws (not shown inFig. l) by which the barrels d1 and (12 are made rigid with each other.

The plungers e1, e2, e3 carry respectively webs g1, g2, 93 which areslidably received in channels 7'1, 7'2, 9'3 in barrels d1, di and whichproject through corresponding slots 701, kg, its out in ward h.

It follows that normally the webs will act as latches, i. e. willprevent the barrels d1 and d2 from being-rotated'bymeans of a key byreason of-theward 'hbe'ing stationary.

However, the webs have inotches, such as '11, cut therein, 'and it willreadily be understood that by suitably adjusting the heights pfpins b1,b2, b3 is possible to bring "the notches Z1, into alignment in the planeof ward At that moment the webs gi, gs, ya no longer exert theirlatching 'a-c'tion,which means that, by acting upon the key. a ispossible to rotate both barrels (Z1 and whereby the lock bolt can beoperated, e. g. by means of .afinger *r .co-operating with a rack-s.

The notches l1 are cut-in the webs a't vari, ous 'points of 'theirlengths, this allowing or an unlimited number .of combinations, and theindividual pins "b1, b b3 are adjusted correspondingly in their lengthssimultaneously to bring the slots Z1 .into register in oneand the/same.plane.

Ea-ch web could have severalslots cut therein. For instance, each web onthekey .of .aihotel bedroom door-lock is formed with two slots, it willbe possible to 'open the lock on the 'basis of two different combinationwith 'the'aid o'f 'twodifier ent keys, one in the hands of the travellerand the otherpossessedbythe waiter.

.Also the number of the ,pilungers .andthe direction of the channelsj1,"j2, cut for the passage of the webs can'be varied unlimitedly.

The pushing action on tumblers .6,1 ,.:6s to brin slots 11, 13in webs.gl, ryzlinto alignment is .quite clearly shown in Figs. .2 and .3 whichhave been simplified to the utmost with the illustration -.of the onlytwo tumblers. v

In embodiments where an increased safety is required it is possible tocombine several similar combination .devices designed to lock .oneanother.

For 'ins'tance,itis possible, as in theembodiment shown by way ofExample infigs. A .to 8, topmvidetwo seriesof plungers or tumblers, e1,ears, and c4 and .c (1, :e 22, .es, 2; respectively, arranged crosswisetoeachother. V

Thejnc'k then comprises-three barrels ch, .112, (is separated by twoWaFdSJLl, .hz, .theiormer :being stationary and receiving the foremostbarrel 111 in its extension h1 while the latter hZ acts as the socketfor the intermediate barrel 012.

The barrels d1, d2, d3 rigidly interconnected by screws or studs n havelongitudinal holes bored therein to slidably receive the tumblers, andchannels 71, 72, 7'3, 1'4, are provided in said barrels as guideways forthe webs on the respective tumblers g1, g4, 9'1, 9'4 alone being visiblein Figs. '7 and 8 respectively). The channels 71, 7'2, 7'3, 7'4

3 may extend relatively to one another as shown in Fig. 6, their outerends being directed radially. One series of tumblers e1 e4 cooperateswith the one ward in and the other series e'i e4 with the other ward ha.

The first socket h'i is stationary and is formed with a slot p extendingover 90- and adapted to limit the amplitude of rotation of the othersocket h2 during the first stage of the unlocking; process, saidlast-mentioned socket being provided with a stroke-limiting lug q. 7

Finally, the last barrel d3 carries a tenon r designed to actuate thelock bolt or bolts. The operation of such a lock will now be easily. h

At the beginning ofthe first step, the pins on tions, a second wardrotatably mounted between the second and the third of said barrels andprovided with cut-out portions, abutment means connected to said lockbody and adapted to limit the amplitude of rotation of said second ward,a

understood I the so-c-alled first combination key are stuck into thebores in which the first series (then ver-' tically aligned) of tumblerse1, e2, 63, e4 (Figs. 4 and 7) are housed; the slots in the webs gu, asof the tumblers are thus brought into the plane of the ward hi, whichmakes it possible to rotate the barrels d1, dz, ds and also the movableward hz, then held latched between (I: and d3 by the webs on theplungers or tumblers belonging to the second series, by an angle of 90,the amplitude of the rotation of d1, d2, 423, ha, h'z being limited bythe engagement of abutment means in the form of the lug q within theslot p.

7 As the second step, the pins on the so-called second combination keyare stuck into the bores containing the second series (then brought inturn to vertical alignment) of tumblers e'i, 8'2, e'a, e'4

, (Figs. 5 and 8); the slots in the webs g'i 9'4 thereon are thusbrought into the same plane, that of the ward hz, which allows furtherto rotate the barrels d1, d2, ds and the tenon 1' which only then beginsto actuate the lock bolt or bolts.

It will be appreciated that a considerable number of combinations canthus be arrived at. Besides, the two keys can be combined into onesingle key provided with pins adjustable in their heights between thefirst and the second steps.

{The latching action could also be performed (Fig. 9) by the plunger e1e4 itself instead of actuall projecting web-like portion of the same,provided it were given a sufficiently large diameter, in which casegrooves 11 14 instead of slots would be out directly in the plungershaft and the outline of the aperture m in the several wards It shouldbe altered accordingly.

Moreover, the invention lends itself to all sorts of modifications inthe shapes and the constructional details, particularly depending on thelock type, the number of combinations,f the degree of safety aimed atand the application contemplated.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Let ters Patent, is:

1. In a combination lock in which the bolt.

thereof is operable by means of two keys, each of which has a pluralityof pins of difierent lengths; a lock body rotatably mounted and providedwith three coaxial barrels which are spaced from each other but rigidlyconnected together, said barrels tumbler accommodated in each channeland movable therein and provided with projecting portions, saidprojecting portions being adapted to engage said cut-out portions in thefirst ward for one set of channels and in the second ward forthe otherset of channels, at least one recessed portion in each of said tumblersremaining out oiengagement with said wards when the respective tumbleris moved in its channel, spring means in said channels urging saidtumblers to a position in which a projecting portion 0f said tum-.'blers is. engaged in a cut-out portion of the corresponding cooperatingward and adapted to yield and to allow said recessed portion in each ofthe tumblers to coincide with the corresponding ward when the pins ofthe corresponding key are introduced into the corresponding set ofchannels, whereby the first key when introduced into the first set ofchannels will cause rotation of said three barrels and of the secondward by an angle corresponding to the limited amplitude of rotation ofsaid second ward, and the second key when introduced into said secondset of channels will cause said three barrels to rotate independently ofsaid wards, whereby said lock bolt is actuated.

2. Ina combination lock according to claim 1, wherein said second wardis rotatably mounted on said first'ward.

3. In a combination lock according to claim 1, wherein said two sets. ofchannels are disposed at right angles to each other, said means adaptedto limit the amplitude of rotation of the second ward allowingdisplacement of said second ward within an angle of 90 relatively tosaid first ward. 4. In a combination lock according to claim 1, whereinsaid first ward is provided with a circular flange for housing andcentering said first barrel, said second ward being provided with acircular flange for centering the second barrel.

MAURICE ETIENNE JULLIARD.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file ofthis patent:

, UNITED ,STATES PATENTS.

2,142,610 Kittler Jan. 3, 1 939

